Iran Country Code +98

Iran has 14 holidays and observances (2 national, 12 public, 0 observances). The national day is Islamic Revolution Day, on February 11. Offices and many businesses close on public holidays, so plan calls around them.

“Varies”: the date follows a lunar, religious or weekday rule and changes every year.

Climate:

Mostly arid or semiarid, subtropical along Caspian coast

Terrain:

Rugged, mountainous rim; high, central basin with deserts, mountains; small, discontinuous plains along both coasts

Natural resources:

Petroleum, Natural gas, Coal, Chromium, Copper, Iron ore, Lead, Manganese, Zinc, Sulfur

Land borders:

Afghanistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Iraq, Pakistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan

Land use:

agricultural 29% (arable 9.7%), forest 6.6% (2023)

Sources: CIA World Factbook (data as of September 2026); area: World Bank 2023.

Currency:

Iranian Rial (IRR)

GDP by sector:

Agriculture 11%, Industry 40%, Services 47% (2025)

Top exports:

Mineral fuels and oil (68%), Iron and steel (6%), Plastics (5%), Organic chemicals (4%), Fruit and nuts (2%)

Top imports:

Machinery and computers (15%), Cereals (12%), Electrical equipment and electronics (12%), Other commodities (8%), Vehicles and parts (4%)

Main export markets:

China (27%), Iraq (12%), Türkiye (7%), United Arab Emirates (6%), India (2%)

Main suppliers:

United Arab Emirates (31%), China (28%), Türkiye (11%), Germany (4%), India (3%)

Sources: World Bank (GDP, growth, inflation, ILO-modeled unemployment, sectors), UNDP Human Development Report 2025, UN Comtrade (goods trade 2023, shares of the total by value), ISO 4217. Years in brackets are the latest available.