Mongolia Country Code +976

Mongolia has 8 holidays and observances (4 national, 4 public, 0 observances). The national day is Naadam Holiday, on July 11. Offices and many businesses close on public holidays, so plan calls around them.

“Varies”: the date follows a lunar, religious or weekday rule and changes every year.

Climate:

Desert; continental (large daily and seasonal temperature ranges)

Terrain:

Vast semidesert and desert plains, grassy steppe, mountains in west and southwest; Gobi Desert in south-central

Natural resources:

Oil, Coal, Copper, Molybdenum, Tungsten, Phosphates, Tin, Nickel, Zinc, Fluorspar, Gold, Silver

Land borders:

China, Russia

Land use:

agricultural 69% (arable 0.7%), forest 9.1% (2023)

Sources: CIA World Factbook (data as of September 2026); area: World Bank 2023.

Currency:

Tugrik (MNT)

GDP by sector:

Agriculture 9%, Industry 37%, Services 44% (2025)

Top exports:

Mineral fuels and oil (61%), Ores (24%), Gold, gems and jewelry (5%), Wool (3%), Salt, stone and cement (2%)

Top imports:

Mineral fuels and oil (23%), Vehicles and parts (16%), Machinery and computers (13%), Electrical equipment and electronics (7%), Iron and steel articles (6%)

Main export markets:

China (91%), Switzerland (4%), Rep. of Korea (1%), Russian Federation (1%), Italy (1%)

Main suppliers:

China (41%), Russian Federation (26%), Japan (8%), Rep. of Korea (5%), USA (3%)

Sources: World Bank (GDP, growth, inflation, ILO-modeled unemployment, sectors), UNDP Human Development Report 2025, UN Comtrade (goods trade 2023, shares of the total by value), ISO 4217. Years in brackets are the latest available.